Anchor and clip for rails and the like



March 30 1926.

. F. W. COOPER E T AL ANCHOR AND CLIP FOR RAILS AND THE LIKE rv, I h n .Wm/ km ...60W/f L MMM l n 0 A m f@ S .CYI 2. e, vm@ /n H Mar'ch 3o 1926.

. 1,578,496 F. w. COOPER ET A.

ANCHOR AND CLIP FOR RAILS AND THE I Filed August 11. 1922 2 sheets-sheet 2 y IN2@ VfT/- To all whom timoyrooncenni: 'Be 1t known that we, FRANCISWV, CoornR Patented Mar. 19.26.

UNITED STATES PAT ' v1,578,4ae

` ANCHOR AND CLIP FCR RAILS yAND THEL'IKE.

Appiiation mea Afugusrngiaez. serial No. 581,153.`

and HENRY STEADWORTHY, both subjects` of the King; Of Great'Britain7 and both residents of the city/ot Montreal, in the Province of Quebecand Dominion of Canada .structed as to bind a rail downen the tieplate and at the same time clamp `the rail against the tie plate shoulder, whereby the have invented certain new and usefulv 1111- provements in Anchors and Clips for Rails and the like, of which the folio Yingis a full, Clear, and exact'description.

VThis invention relatesto improvements in-` chor or clip applicablev to a standard tief plate or the like to connect a. rail thereto and to hold the rail under ordinary conditions against longitudinal movement in either direction relatively tothe plate.,

A. t'nrther object isto .provide a device which wiil not become loosened by` vibra-l tion nor by wave movement ot' the rail due to a train moving thereover.

'A still further'y object'Y is to pOvide av device ot simple ormysmall-size and light Weight which maybe' easily and cheaply manufactured and soldat low cost.

Another object is to provide a device v-:hich may be easily assembled on 'or re# moved from a raih' but Which will be substantially proof against malicious removal or removal by an accidental blow.

Still another object is to provide a device of this character consisting of only tivoparts, so formed and constructed that they-cannot be asseinl'iledotherwise' than in the proper manner. i

An additional object is to providea device i,

Which maybe attached Without the use of special tools other than those n'dinaril)r used in track laying. Y

A. further additional object is to provide a device which is applicable without adjustnient to practically allsizes ofrails orfat least to a Vvery Wide range of sizes.

A still further additional object is to provide a rail clip or anchor which will hold a rail against over-turning, even if a part ot' the anchor is broken or removed. L, l f

Another additional. objectY is to provide a rail clip or anchorfparticularly adapted for use with shouldered tie plates and so conrail is'pdoublyiheldjand is preventedfrom riding up onthe tiep'l'ate shoulder. uvarious other. yobgccts andadvantagesr of theinvention Wiltbe'readily ascertained trom the following description.

The invention comprisesy a. substantially rigid double-hookedclip'member adapted to hook under atie plate or other` device and over a rail base and tojbe'secured 1n posi--` tion vprimarily bymeans of a flexible key driven lbetween the clip and rail base, the

Said. CP'ha-Vingwa portion to hold the same' againsttiltmgaway'from the railinla man-V nervhich Wouldimpa-ir orfdestroy the Vgrip ot the device. The clip is adaptedA tohook under a tie platepr-et'erably by vmeans fot' members projecting 'through spike or other holes in the tie plata' the saidmembers beingot' such` s'ze Aand form' that special manipulation ot the clip is necessary to enable its attachment to or detachment from a plate andrail, whereby thepossibility of accidental or malicious removal is greatiy minimized. urthermore, the device is so constructed thatl When suitable tiel plates! are Vused the usual. number of ordinary track spikes may stillf be,used, the' capabilities of the clip being such that these spikes when properly drlvenare, 1n a measure,l anchored to the tie plate and thus guarded against partial Withdrawal by rail undulation.

. v'In the drawings which illustrate one prin'-A f cipal .embodimentofthe invention7 With Vceri tain minor mo'diticationsz-- Fig. vl is an end elevation of the device in operative position. A j j Fig'. 2 an onters'de elevation ofthe dek vice-in operative position.

Fig. is a plan view.v

Figzd isfan inner sfdeelevation, therail and tie plate being removed.

Fig.' [i is a side elevation of a key betore insertion.. "f Fir. 6 isin end elevation ot one` form of F 7 is a. fragmentary end-elevation showing anothenembodiment of the inv ntion.

, v Referring` more `particularly to the drawings, 1l designates -a tie plate of any sutable pattern, preferably having a. shoulder l2, against which one edge ot'y a rail base may bear, and provided with holes 13 and 14 V'for the passage of spikesv l5 and 16 to secure the rail v1'1" and tie plate to a tie.V At the nshouldered end of the plate the spikeyholes 13 are ofthe ordinary rectangular form and the, holes'lei at the opposite-Y edge of the tiel plate are vpreferably ofthe fami-liar form Y shown in Figure permitting the insertion "designated as a whole h the numeral` 18 of a spike ineither of two.

According to the present invention, the anchor or'clzp comprises a-bodyamemher, Y and a key, designatedfas awhole hy the vnumeral 19, The bot yxof the clipissplit atits 'lowerk ledge intothree' tongues, the two oute T-inostv l of which, de narrow andk nate'o 20', are comparatively ,a site to pass vsnugly through the inner part ofthe spike holes l'-fl, as clearly shown. ,lllhile the existing spike holes are convenfent vforvt'he purpose, the invention is obviously 'notlimited to their use.

` The central tongue, designated 21, occupies the space hetweenfthe spike holes-and is bent v substantially at a right angle, or a littleless,

'to the body of the clip and isdesigned to lie .onthe upper surface ofthe tie plat-e, as

t y engage under clearly shown in Figure 1'. The extremities of .the lingers y2O are .bent sharply at sulo-r oown tothe hottom ofthe hook, s o as toY form a substantially sharp edge, .designated 23. vThe upper end of thev clip` is bent-to semi-circular forni Vand to the same side as the hooks 422, so 'as to form a hook 24; which willrover-hang the xedge' of a rail hase.` The clips are prererablyniade of flat steel bars,

of suitable width and thiclrness,`the width of the har being lthe width of the clip vbetween its vertical edges. The har is cut to suitable lengths forming rectangular' blanks which are then splitfrom one end to form the three tonguesabove` mentioned andbent over. at the opposite cutedge `to forni the i' upper-hook. it will thus he seen that all information or in use, asA` waste in the formation of the clip.

bending of the Ab'lanltis donev across the ilore .or grain ofthe material, so that t ierc is little possibilty of the hooks breaking, either might readily occur if 'the bending was done with the` grain. While this isthe preferred methodofconstruction,` it must not vbe assumed that the invention is in any way limited thereto.4V It will alsobe seen that .there is absolutely no y I ln-bench ing` the material to form 'the upper liook 24 the 'bend is formed slightly lower "downin the centre ofthe material 'than at the ver 'tical edges, as clearly shown in Figure 2,`so that the Vunder surface or 'throat ofthe hook in the throat ofthe hook.

positions acoordl' `ing tothe size ofa rail. y Y

fthe 'opposite side from the hum-p as at curves downwardly froinits Vends to its centre. Atl the centre ay recess 25 is provided `Preferably this recessis curved as show-n in Figure ,9i but may he a'squaie shouldered `reeessas shown f at 'Qigure for.eren an aperture 25". Yas

shown in Figure 5. fis willbe clearly seen thet'hroatof' the hook slopes downwardly from both ends tothe centre in order that Var key driven between' the rail and hook 24Cv will he gradually compressed hetweenthe rail andthe sloping portions 26 ofthe hookV throat andv will, whenl fully driven, spring linto the centrally disposed recessvf-which.will hold it'against inoven'ient. The form of re-V cess dependsuponthe relative 'hardness of the material in v,the members and `also to. a certain ettentfupon the shape of altey to be used with theclip. ln its holding eirl'ect the aperture 25" 'does Ynot diifer from the square shouldered recess 25, rhut* from manufacturing` 'standpont'the aperture may' he more easily V.provided thana recess as it may be punched out prior to the forming of the clip,

while the recess must be Y forinedfsimultaneou'sly withV or` after formationxof the hook V24. rEhe form of recess shown in Figure` 2 is perhaps preferable to the other forms, as it will present a much greater sur# face for frictional'engagement with va key, hut underY certain. circumstances the shouldered vtype of recess may he preferred.

The key 19 which operates to hold .the clip in position is preferably formed of a round bar `'of wa sizesuilicientfto fitl snugly in the curved throat of the'hook @has clearly shown in Figure 1. The key is of springy or resilient material and; is bent Yso as to providea y'hump 27 intermediate its ends `which will 'bear in theyhoo'lr 2li kwhile the ends Aasclearly shown in Figures-Qiand 4.' Pretfe'rably lthe vends ofthe hey are lflattened'on to provide bearing surfaces of suitable size' for engagement with the rail. These surfaces may be pla-nrorfinay'loe corrugated .or otherA wise roughened, asindicated at 29, Figure 4f. These surfaces are preferably produced 'by flattening the ends `of the 'key in such a ina-nner'asfto position theliea-ring surfaces slightly outjofparallel. witlithe normal airis of thekey.' In'other words, theiiattening ,produces aL slight tapering at lthe ends of the lrey, Vwhich has vthee'ife'ctl 'of distrilmting flexion'stresses throughout the length of `the key .inthewe'll known manner and thus rellieving the central part of the key of a. por-` tionoftlie stresses due to `fieirioni-n driving.

formed-in lsuch amanner vas to produce von ius

'The flattening operation is preferably per-l the ends .of the key are of suchy size that they cannot be inserted in the hook'ot the clip.L

` This feature of constructionmakes it .iiny sibly a parabolic end profile, as shown, with-1 out any reduction Vin tliefV vertical diiriension of the end. This method ot -forming the,

flattened end rwill not produce-'the taper towards the endsoffthe key, which'has been already described and therefore' in order to obtain both thetapering and v'thefshape ot' end suitable for driving, thevends otthe key may be slightly headed as 'illustratedatfm Figure 5.VK It willbe understood thatthe various methods offorming the key yend are suggestivel and not in any way limitative.

The formation ofthe keyis preferably such that in its initial form rests only at `its extremev ends on a .dat surface, such asV a rail base, and the top ot the central hump 4projects considerably above the centralpart of the hoo-k throat, as shown in Figure .5', so

that when the key is driven between the rail base and hook 24 it is subjected toA consider# able friction and flattening which results in vbringing the bearing surfaces 28 firmly down onto the rail. t A

The method of lapplying* the device is as follows z-The'hooks 22 of the clip body are passed down through the holes 14 `oli a tie vplateor the like, the clip being preferably canted slightly toward the rail to assistV in the operation. v When the hooks 22 are through. the. plate the whole clip `is moved toward the rail so as to engage the hooks under the tie plate and bring the body of the clip against the edge of the rail. 2 This movement of the clip toward the rail is preferably accomplished by driving stan-dard track spikes down through the outer portions ot" the holes 14, owing to the tact that the clip grips the tie plate rather snuglybetween its hooks 22 and central finger 21,-there being preferably a slight flexionl of the linger`21.

in the .final positioning. The spikes are drivenl at a slight inclination as' shown in,

Figure 1, sothat they bear against the kback corner 23'of the hooks 22 and support these hooks against flexion and backingV away from the Vrail when under load. Vhen the spike is driven home the over-hanging back portion of thehead engages the outer surfaces o t' the clipy and presses the same veryv tightly against the rail, at the same time driving the rail against theplatcl shoulder 12.l Thclj f throat Vof the spike als'orengages the upper louteredge of theY lhole 142 and it is owing the spike,i`therefore, vsuipports the at pointsabove and below the plate an'dgalsdf; j 'i i that the plate supports the headY of the spike sothat-it cannot tip back in the well known' manner. The spike `isvery tightly wedged inplace andjisthus held against'drawing due to rail undulation'. The centraly tongue 21 of the clip holds the'rsa'fnie against tipping f fromthe rail andthe engagement of the spike withthe lower corner'23, holds it to: this bearing point that the-'thrust toward" the rail is obtained. It will benoted. that f against` tipping towardsythe rail.- Onyejcnd yof the key 19V-isr now inserted unkilerfhook as shovvnjinl Fig ure5, and the key driveny i in by .means of a hammer until its central hump 27 entersfthe recess of tl-ieho'oklni I VYthis driving the' keyl'is flexed 'and serves lto bind the rail very tightly-down on the* tie:` plate.'V The keybeing formed of round bar and the ho'kfthroat `beingy forme-d 'accord-.j ingly it is obvious that thekey will easily v rockV in thehook to assumea position perpendicular to the inclined upper surface-oft `the rall base and'obtain a secure bearing on its flat end surfaces 28. This inclination ot the key fromthe vertical causes a lateral thrust'and tends to urge'therail againstthe plate shoulder 1 2. ,The position of thelly also tends to cant theclip away from ther rail but lin'such movementis restricted the central tongue bearing on theplate and .also by the spike. It will be understood that `the invention is not in any way limited to the'above described manner (if-applying the device, so that the Vorder otinserting the spikesand'key maybe vreversed if desired.

The device is almost entirelyproof 'against' accident or mis-use, The formation ot they i key makes it impossible'to insert lthe saine upside-down. "It a key should break there Lwill be a very considerable gripgon therail still 'eXerted by reasonot the spikeljani- M ming the clip against "the rail. broken key does not release the rail tor the reason that the over-hanging hook 2e will hold the 1of the broken key should be removed. It the parts remain 1n vplace theY railcannotbe tipped enough tobrlnggits base into engagement with the tip of the hook 24: as the key7 constitutes a Tiller permitting but very little `movement. The breakage yola key does not` .1n any way release the clip from the plate' for'the reason that the lspike holds the clip against backing away from the rail and thespike and inger21hold it againsttipf ping away from the rail.- vIf the spike rail against over-turning, even'it the parte` 115 headl should tear off 'the anchorage vis little i litany adected as the shank of the spike remain-ing in theaperture 14 will hold the.

clip against backing away from the rail and loosing its-grip. yEven if the spike Withe thro'oggh the spike holes: le even .if 4backed. away `to tl-iefull .eXte

drawn theclip cannotback away troni the rail-to any( appreciable extent by Vreason of. y -tlieifrietion between the clip hooks'. .22 and.

by y'the holes 14, the. vspri klsuieient to Vtake up anysuchniovenient, and

1 the key v y K y i such ii'iovenient t-hatvit inust .be .driven Out 'with a lia-miner and follower. In theapph- @the device, sincev .the vproper driving of' the," `rkey the mai-innen possible aniount 'fand' y further driving erly :driven vthe ends of vthe ll` therefore beso tiglitreven after cationo't the deviceit is impossible to Pover-y di'ive the key and thus strainany part noit `vrequi re s y 'jollower and serves Lonly to release :the

v vVhen propinv are substanltially n ush with the ends offtlie'clip and 'out y:therefore kthe,qwestion t Wl'ietlier the;

as a glance Willsliowr .it Va driven. T he key being .entirely has beenA sufficiently di' nzeanljnei the hook of theclipitis ettec'tually against loosening by vaccidental or malicious blows'.v T'lierwhole device is sniall, coinpaot and"inexpensive'and lies so low-'aud close ''ag'ain-st vthe rail base'that it' jdoes not forni any appreciable obstruction along' :the .,tia`ck,

. .nor is it lable't'o he strucklfand daniaged by any passing object.` The central hiigerfl ,constitutes a ,liller between. the .spike headswhich,V topa certain extent7 protects and. supports the "spike f l lsA andV `1s in turn Vprotected 'by `thein. ,A Tiflien using `properly' 4` `aoerturedv tie "plates shown, the use this finger does not in any' Way decrease the no-rinal spiking down capacity and, in Jtact7 increases the eiiciency by vpractically ,locking the spikes and plater together, so that after any upwardy nieve nient which iniglit'slightly draiv a spike the saine is driven backupon the subsidence et the plate.y The projection ot the device 'he-- lowythe 'platey is so little that itdoes not in any .Way interfere With proper*seatingV of the plate on a tie.4 ln' addition A*to ythe feature ot guarding the railsy against 'longitudinal move-nient -it serves also in its apiiilication to square up the tie plates with the rails and to hold the platesin proi'ierrelation to vthe rails, so that it is impossible for the rail tol ride 4on the shoulder rib 12 of the plate as some tunes occurs when plates have been rcarelessly placed or Vhave 4 become loosened.

Moreover, the linger 21 will tend to hold avrail against tipping sutlieiently for its outer edge to rise above 'the plate rib', It ivillhe ynoted that a key is vsubjected in driving-*to =flexiongreater tha vgations to hold the saine more tlrinly."

Vhooked clip infe'inb`r` n vto the plate l1.a,*eitherinteY l l forging or castingbr byjvelding:riveting Y for boltillg.

n norinally obtains when fthe :key is properly seated and in this Way each kei,-Y is'tesvted in' driving'. lia key does not springsharplyinto the Vrecess 25 itwill be at cnet. observed and `ivillV yindicate that the'l-zey.-iseithercracked Ofi' soft. lddii-le,- for conveniencefof illustration, only one spike hasfheen; shown in position in Figures Qaiid, it will be understood that in practice spikes n'iay be andere preferably driventhroiigh both apertures let.,

such as corrugating tliehuinp ofA the 'key'f Various ininor modifications inay'beniade,

similarly-to its ends and ytoi-mino' fthe ke f adapted `to iiiterdigitate vrwith the key' l En Figure VTthere isv Ail seat- Qevithj corresponding corrugations iiiodilicaftioii in which an equivalent ally by rolling", l

'Heretoforej reference has' been in-ade 'to spring lre'ys' only but it will jloe understood tliatthe invention'contemplates also the use feinen-resilient keys, the. `desired resiliency being,r obtained inthe clip ineinber.

While no, device will lioldfthe rails v absolutely against longitudinal inoveiiient it sufficient foiceis applied,` it gisble'lieve'dfroni tlie' result of eXpe-rinients, that the devioe herein described Willliold the rails so tight` ly to the tie' plate that any 'movement-'ot the 'rails will hefaccoinpanied 'by corresponding movement ot :the tiefplates and ties themselves and therefore .it isdeeined -p r'oper to state 'thatvthis device will positively'holdthe railsasaint longitudinal',movement Lili either rlirection on ytheties, not only Wheiilirvst' p-` olled but also after 1012s? rreds .Oi 11S?,

Consequently., Vwhen iisedfon vall ties, .this

banchine 'of ties'under derailed Wheel -t will be runderstood that the invention resides in the lclip ineinbei-fandkey and in the combination of these with existing reX- ternal eleinents which are not iii any rWay limited to the ornrof (plate and. spikeg illus` trated'bnt in'ay7 Within vthe scope 'ofthe invention, be `devices oi other lfor-ins and other purposes y f Having-thusdescribedlour invention, what We claim iszv f l. A device'of the. class described, coinpris .ing a inember hooked "at .its upper andloiver ends to engage under a tie plate and to overlie a rail base, and a resilient .key adapted to be driven between lthe upperihooked end of thefineinber and the rail hase .to yield! ingly connect the plate and' rail. n

2. A device of the class c lesciibedyconip rising a mernber 'hooked at it'siippe'r yand would resist k1 en 'ine' t0 the ,Continuous .2i-stemmi@ fairies action of {the `resilient,nieinber `ivhicli "keeps vthe device always tight on' the rallend pla' device.r would )hold theni 'in constantposition kwith respect Ato 'raillant lower ends `to,y engage under a tiel plateand to overlie a rail base, said member beingy formed for engagement at pointsabove-and rbelow the plate with a track spikev driven through the plate to be heldzby-'sucli engage'- ment against tippin'gfandv disengagement from the plate. v v

8. A device of the classdescribed, comprising a member. hookedl at its upp`eia11dV lower ends to overlie a rail `base and under`` lie a tie plate, a proJection from said mem-l .ber adapted to engagea tie plat-e and hold the member against tipping away froml a rail, and a r-esilient key insertable between the upper hooked end of the member and the rail base to hold thermemberagainst tippingtoward a rail.V f i'` 4. A device of the class described, comprising a clip member *hooked at upper andflower ends and :adapted to overliea Y rail baseandunderlie a shoulder tie plate, and' `a resilient key inse-rtable between the upper hooked end of said member and a rail base viny position to hold afrail down on atie plate on the tie plate. 1 l

5. A device oftheV class ydescribed, comp-rising a clip member hooked at Yupper .and lower ends and adapted to. overlie arail base andunderlie a tievshoulder plate, and

and to urge a rail laterallyagainst a: shoulder a resilient key insertable between the upper v hooked end` of said member and av rail base in position to. holdl a rail down on ati-e .plate and to urge a rail laterallyagainst-l a shoulder on the tie plate, and means to 'hold'the clip against tipping away from a railfunder the lateral thrust. p f i 6. VA device of the class described,com-

lprising a clip member hookedfat itsupper and lower ends to overlie a -rail base andunderlie a tie plate',a resilientkey Vadapted to vbe driven betweenthe .upper hooked end ofy the clip and the upper surface of a railfbase, anda projection from said clip member on the opposite side thereof fromth-ekeyengageable with a tie plate yto hold the clip againstmovement awayfrom arail. l

7. A device of the lclass described, com-` prisinga clip memberhaving at its .upper end a hook adapted to o-verlie a rail base and at-its lower end a pairof spaced hooks adapted'to underlieV atieplate,'andl a key insert-A ablevbetweenl the upper 'hooked end of the hooks. l

Clip and a rail base, said clip'and key:be 1

ing Iformed for engagement atfa point between vertical planes containlng the lower "25. A device of kthefclass described, com

prising a clip member hooked'atv` its Vupper and lower ends to overlie aK-rail base and underlieja tie'plate,the'hook of the upper end extending fromside to .side of the clip v and sloping'downwardly from the sides toivard the centre-whereby 0.1.1 thedrvng et akey betweenl lsaid ,upper hook end and the' rail base fa. wedging "action will. result; v

9. lA device of thefclassv described, coml-` prising a clip'member hookedat its upper .and lower ends't'o yoverli'e. a lrail base and underlie a tie plate, the upper hook of said member sloping downwardly from jthe sides vtoward the centr-e to provide woentrally, dis'- posed key seat, the member being'recessed inv the said 'seat portion to releasably hold a"l v key. v

l. A dev ice ofthe class described, ,comprising a;.c 'l1p1nember hooked at its upper and .lower ends toi ov'erliearailbase and y'underliea tiel plate, the uppery hook of said :member sloping downwardly from the'sides` f toward the centre to provide a .centrally disposed key seat, they member being recessed I in the said seat portion to releasably hold a key, anda key adapted to be driven between the upper vhooked end of .said member and the upper surfacerofa rail base, the said key 'l'xaving intermediate its ends an upward projection adapted'to; enterEthe sea'tjrecess; of f the `clip to hold the'key against longitudinal -1 n 9e j A device 'of the class.described,fco1n- 'prising a clip-:member hooked at itsupperA and lower ends' to Yoverhe aKV rail base `and movement'. Y

underlie a tie' plate, and a key Vinsertable `bef v tween the upper hooked yend of the clip and a railbase and formed topengage at its ends with the rail base and intermediate its-ends with'the'V clip, the upperhooked `end off the opposite sidestliereof, one/to', engage'thebottom ofvaptie plate and Vthe otherto 'engage the top of a tie plate, anda-'key-adapt'ed tol be drivenin compression betweensaidc-hp'- .member and a railbase to' hold the clip toja rail and tie plate.

13..'A device. of the class described, in-iv c'ludingva `bodymember having a pair of spacedl lateral projections at one'side adapt- .ed to engage the lower surface of a tie plate, fandLa lateral projection from the opposite side intermediate' the :two iirst named-projections adapted to engage the upper` surface 'of latieplate, and a further lateral projec-V v.tionon the sameside as the two first named projections adapted to over-lie a- ,r'ail base.

14. A rr'ail anchor for ruse with atie plate 'and spike, comprising a body, downwardly vextending hooked "extensions thereof adapt# ed topass through spikeholes 'of the'y plate and engage the under surface; thereof,v said body being adapted to. engage the edge ofY extensions being .formed for engagement .at points'abovennd below/the edge of tbe rail bese by n spilfredriven -tliroughtbe tie plate, whereby tbe body b'eld in -l'iredetermine'd Vposition and against separation .from ith-e 'tie i `.plete"enKd rail, tbe said 'body being adapted lorjengegement with Knykey drive-n between ,itself -nnd tube 'rnil`bse. K

I 15. 'iin 'conrbinnti-on with' n.. dey-ice accord- .'ing to claim 11i, a key vAdapted to be` driven between seid body and the rail to liold tlie body against VtippinvV toward tbe frail, and :fr projectie-n :from s body-adapted to enf pige n. tie plate end hold the body against `tippingefwziy from vthe re-l. 'A

'l6. ik' rail anchor, Comprising' a clip adapted tti-'engage under n tie plate and to orcrl'ie a reil baisee Vkey,.adapted to be driven. between snid'cllpand a ruil bese to hold vtbe clip in position and against tipping toward '..tlie raibnnd .means to be inserted'between the clip end en abu-tinent ein plate tollieldA Y K the ,clip against tipping away, from the-reil.

F ln' rail anchor, 5.a, clipy member Vto el rnilbese having' a pnirofspaced supporting vpoints for engagement with one bla snraceol a tie plate and -a'thirdsupporting point or engagement with tbe opposite sur- `ziceof the plete and disposed 4intermediete the lirst n'amed'points.

18. Ilin a rail anchor, the combination with a vrail and plete thereunder, ol'K n clip inember vto overlieftbe rail 1base and -rinderlie the plete, and t key engngingsnidclip member et e.. point intermediate the key ends and ,K engegingtlie Vrni-ly base at vpoints spacedfin *thel direct-ion of rail lengtb on. opposite sides J of the point of engagementjwitliftlie elfipY `inEnnl'Jer'.

I9.` In device Vof the `class described,V the Vvcoinbinaticn iwitli Ka :rail andv shouldered 'tie' Yplatefot" annnchorfdevice vadapted 'to hold tliernildown -to tbel tie'rplate and a' spike adnpted@toY .be wedgedfbetween the tieplate Yand seid anchor. device 'to hold `the rail/in .compressionbetween the anchor-'device and' plate shoulder.V K A 7 '."EZOfA device ofl the class described .com-K prisinp; .a member lliobked. at its upper end ytopyerlie :a reil bese .and at its lower end to 1underlie"e1 tie plate, 2p key lnoleqated to be driven between the upper 'hoeked .end of seid member-and 2. rail base and .al lateral -pr-olaterally `against tbeplete shoulder.

22. F or use` with a tie plete and rail,- en anchor device adapted forte-imminent to one ,gelesene i'tiriely boldjthereil.edge drown rvon tbe Yplate len-tly hold the opposite edge 'o'Kt K rail down on' tbe plete.

23K. In afdeyi-ce of the classdescri'bfed, 4combinn'tionfwitli-a. rail and plate, ein memytheir.v Y K' berV carried Vby the plate booked to `overlie the 'reilbism fand n .resilient key adapted to be-dr-ven between said.lionlednieinber and tliefdrnil "base/[to hold the rail down on tlie plete. K K Y 94V-fl, In a device et 'the class described, a mike plate, .a lmember carried bythe plate hooked to overlie tbev rail base, and-a, key adapted to' be Vdriven between lsaid booked yfni"eniiber and railbaseulinving? n plurality ol j spaced corrugatedo'r Toughened snrinces for l engagement Witli'ftbe K nil vand' hooked member. KK i device yottlieV class '.descriibed, :the vcoinbination with a clip member volt n key adapted to tbe drive-n 'between vsaid memberV `and e rail, seid key beingtepered toward 'its .ends -to distributeV ileXion, incidentfto drin;

ingr-through the llength gol the key,V

26. A device. ol the class. desey 'bed P and' lower ends to oyerlie. areiflloaee and underlie a `tie'pla'te, `@key inser-tabie between kthe* upper rbooked end of seid .member and Ycoma 4railbnse lin contact with fbotli, 'and .ineens 'insertable between tbe clip and zin-abutment' of. .the j plete 'to vli-old the 'clip' against -move-A i device or-the class deserib'edfcompissing 1n combinati-on with .a plate. to 11nris-ing clpineinber booked 'etrits upper derlie reil, a member hooked ayt its .upper andV lower-ends tooverlie the base loler rail V 4Von said .platte land-to underliefthe plate, e-key insertnblebetween lthe upper booked Aend'of ,-tlieclip and the. refilfberse-infconta'ct with both, .andmeen's toibezvlinserted between the K plate n'ndelip to exercisesvedging'fiction and to hold theycllp ngen vKst':r'noven'ient :iwzty Vlroniftlierail.

device of they class Y described ceni-V prising in combinetion2 with 'en apertured Vplate .to underlie 'a rail a .clip member khooked at its upper K.und lcnyer-v ends .to overliel -tbe 'bese olie rail `on seid .plate nnfdto 'underlie the plate, e key insertable between the' upper a. trail on seidf-Yplete .in contaetK-witll tjb eind means' insert able tbrouglitlie plete iper-K ture to hold the clipinernber against tipping :and bodily movement awayfrointberail. .K

V9. .A device of the class described coinprising' in .I cQn'aloinntion with en y. .epertured- K K `pletet'o" underlie je rail A e* li'oekedjmeniberi p KK inserteble .through the.plntezaperture to? .un-

bese Cif e 'de 1e the 'plete endl-to Aoye'rlie ek serted .betweenthe Ebook; member Y -alail on sedplafte, efkey 'adapted t-obe'in'- tb both .tti Amld K Y ico' the rail to tlie plate7 and meansV to' beA located in the plate aperture. and to bold it against movementl ai'vay from a rail. n y

30. A device of the class described comprising in combination with an4 apertured plate to underlie a rail a member hooked at.

its upper and lower ends to overlie the base otra rail on said plate and to pass through tbe plate aperture and underlie'tlie plate a key adapted to be inserted between tbe upper hooked end of said member and tbe base oi a rail onltlie plate in contact with both, and a spike adapted to be vdriven through Y tlre plate apertureto hold the hook lmember* against movement away from a rail.

, 3l. A 'device of tbe class described comprising` a clip member booked at its upperv and lower ends to overlie a rail base and uirl derlie a tie plate, a keyv to be inserted between tlie upperlliooked end of saidmember and a rail base 1n contact with both, and separate means to be disposed on the opposite side of said clip 'from a rail to hold thev clip and key against movement away from a rail. Y l

82. A deviceot the class described com-` `prisingfa clip member 'formed to engage under a plate and to project above the base of a rail on. said platej the upper part of said clip member being turned downwardly over the rail baseto limit upward movement thereof, anda single member toposition the clip in operative relationy with a rail andA plate.

overlie the rail, and a resilient clamping Amember,adapted to engageftlierrail and to be tensioned between' the rail and hooked mem' bemand means to hold. the clamping device against movement*laterally away ronra 'A p rail. 35. Means to clamp togetliera rail and an member to underlie said device and overlie a railbaee,` and a resllient clamping member adapted to be vforcibly inserted between a rail and said hook member and lto exert ivedging action in application and to be tensioned between tbe rail and book member.

In witnessjlwbereof, We liaveliereuntoset our hands. f

` FRANCIS W. Vooorna.

HENRY 'ernamvoarrrr underlying device including a double booked 

